Grade 8 : India (Part 2)

INDIA (PART 2)

India Under the British Goverment

•After the mutiny, Parliament dissolved the EIC and all its territory and authority were given to the British government. India became a British colony.
•The British government promised the Indians religious freedom.
•From then on, The British government was more careful in introducing reforms.
•However, the mutiny increased the Indians’mistrust of the British.
•It led to a rise of nationalism in India.

Effects of British Rule in India

British rule had a great effect on many aspects of Indian life.
•It gave the Indians a sense of unity as one nation by providing a modern and centralized goverment for the whole country.
•The economy was developed by the introduction of railways, telecomunication, banks, etc.
•In social, practices such as suttee and the killing of female babies were abolished.
•A modern class of bourgeoisie gradually emerged and became the strongest class in India.
•Education was promoted and many students were exposed to Westen ideas such as Liberalism and Nationalism.

Independence Movement

•In 1885 the Indian National Congress (INC) was formed with the support of the British.
•The INC gave the Indians a chance to give their opinions of the government.
•The members of the congress were mainly Western-educated intellectuals.
•They wanted moderate reforms such as the employment of more Indians in the civil service.
•The British were slow in granting reforms and treated Indians as inferior.
•Between the 2 WW, the Congress split into 2 groups.
•One group wanted complete independence
•Other group wanted more reforms through peaceful means. The Leader : Mahatmas K.Gandhi.
•He led the Congres supporters to organise mass demonstration and strikes.
•Under his leadership, the congress struggled for a long time until the country won independence in 1947 .

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